Building A Second Brain: A Proven Method to Organize Your Digital Life and Unlock Your Creative Potential

iNotion
15 min readJul 27, 2022

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How many brilliant ideas have you had but then forgotten about? How many opportunities have you passed up? How much useful advice have you gradually forgotten over the years?

We are constantly under pressure to learn, improve ourselves, and make progress. Every year, we spend countless hours reading, listening to, and watching informational content. But where has all that valuable information gone? When we need it, where is it? Our brain can only hold a few thoughts at once. Our brain is designed to generate ideas rather than store them.

Building A Second Brain is a method for systematically saving and recalling ideas, inspirations, insights, and connections gained through experience. It broadens our memory and intellect by utilizing modern technology and networks.

This methodology is not only for preserving ideas but also for making them a reality. It lays out a clear, actionable plan for developing a “second brain” — an external, centralized, digital repository for what you learn and the resources that support it.

To be effective in today’s world, you must manage a wide range of information, including emails, text messages, messaging apps, online articles, books, podcasts, webinars, memos, and many others. All of this content is valuable, but trying to remember it all is overwhelming and impractical. By combining ideas from these sources, you will create a valuable body of work to help you advance your projects and goals. You’ll keep track of your discoveries, lessons learned, and actionable insights for any situation.

We have already completed the majority of the work required to consume this content. We spend a significant amount of our working lives creating text snippets, outlines, photos, videos, sketches, diagrams, webpages, notes, or documents. Our valuable knowledge, however, remains siloed and scattered across dozens of different locations unless we take a little extra care to preserve these valuable resources. We fail to create a collection of knowledge that both grows in value and can be reused repeatedly.

We free our biological brain to imagine, create, and simply be present by offloading our thinking onto a “second brain.” Instead of floundering through our days struggling to remember every detail, we can move through life confident that we will remember everything that matters.

Your second brain will act as an extension of your mind, not only protecting you from forgetfulness but also amplifying your efforts as you tackle creative challenges.

The Building a Second Brain methodology will teach you how to do the following:

  1. Consistently complete projects and goals by organizing and accessing your knowledge in a results-oriented manner.
  2. Profit from your knowledge by capitalizing on a rapidly expanding knowledge economy.
  3. Discover surprising patterns and connections between ideas.
  4. By expertly curating and managing your personal information stream, you can reduce stress and “information overload.”
  5. Develop useful expertise, specialized knowledge, and the ability to apply it in a new job, career, or business.
  6. Develop a body of valuable knowledge and insights over time without having to adhere to rigid, time-consuming rules.
  7. Unlock the full potential of the abundance of learning resources available to you, including online courses, webinars, books, articles, forums, and podcasts.

Part I: Recall

The first step in creating a second brain is “capturing” the ideas and insights you believe are valuable. Consider the following:

  • What are the recurring themes and questions in my work and life that I always seem to return to?
  • What insightful, high-value, and impactful information do I already have that could be useful?
  • Which knowledge do I want to connect, mix, and resurface regularly to stimulate future thought on these topics?

We tend to capture information haphazardly most of the time — we email ourselves a quick note, brainstorm some ideas in a Word document, or take notes on books we read — but then we don’t do anything with it. We’re already consuming or producing this information; we just need to keep it in one place, like a digital note-taking app like Evernote, Microsoft OneNote, Bear, Notion, or others. These apps make it easy to capture small “snippets” of text and can also save hyperlinks, images, webpages, screenshots, PDFs, and other attachments, which are all saved permanently and synced across all of your devices.

By centralizing a diverse collection of information, it is free to intermix and intermingle, allowing us to see unexpected connections and patterns in our thinking. This also provides us with a single point of contact when we require creative raw material, supporting research, or a burst of inspiration.

The three guidelines below will assist you in capturing only the most relevant and useful information in your second brain.

Consider yourself a curator.

It is all too easy to turn on our mobile device or computer and become immersed in the torrent of juicy information that is presented to us. Much of this information is useful and interesting, such as articles written by experts that could help us be more productive, fitness and nutrition tips, and fascinating stories from around the world. However, unless we make deliberate, strategic choices about what we consume, we will always be at the mercy of what others want us to see.

Instead, adopt a curator’s mindset: objective, opinionated, and reflective. Instead of diving into social media updates, online articles, and podcasts as they come up throughout the day, save them for later consideration. As you start collecting content, you’ll be able to pick and choose which sources to consume.

Sort your content by the project.

After you’ve captured the content, how should you organize it? Rather than organizing your files by topic (for example, web design or psychology), which is time-consuming and mentally taxing, organize them by the projects you are actively working on. This ensures that you consume information with a purpose — to advance your projects and goals — and only when and where you will be able to put it to use.

The PARA organizational system applies this principle — organizing information based on when you want to see it next — to your entire digital life. Instead of organizing each of the information management tools you use uniquely, treat your projects as universal categories that apply to all of them. This helps to reduce project file fragmentation without requiring you to use a single tool for everything.

Only keep what resonates.

The term “organization” frequently conjures up images of analytical thinking. However, analysis takes time and is exhausting. Don’t make a highly intellectual, analytical decision about which passages, images, theories, or quotes to keep.

Instead, your general rule should be to save anything that “resonates” with you intuitively. This is usually because it relates to something you care about, are curious about, or find inherently intriguing. We improve not only our ability to see opportunities but also our understanding of ourselves and how we work, by training ourselves to notice when something resonates with us on a deeper level.

Part II: Join

When you begin to collect valuable knowledge in a centralized location, you will naturally begin to notice patterns and connections. An article about gardening will teach you about online marketing. A casual remark made by a client will spark the idea of creating a website with client testimonials. A business card from a conference will serve as a reminder to follow up and propose a collaboration.

By condensing your notes into actionable, bite-sized summaries, you can greatly simplify and accelerate this process. During a hectic workday, it would be nearly impossible to go over your 10 pages of notes on a book you read last year. However, if you had a 3-point summary of the main points of that book, you could quickly remind yourself of what it contains and potentially apply it to something you’re working on.

The three guidelines below will assist you in summarizing and distilling your notes into actionable, useful tools for execution.

Make notes for yourself in the future.

“Design notes with your future self in mind” is a powerful mindset for interacting with our notes. Every time we create a note or make an edit, we can make it just a little easier to find and use the next time.

This could include:

  • Key terms are defined in parentheses in case we forget what they mean.
  • Inserting placeholders when we stop summarizing a source so we know where to resume
  • Including links to relevant websites, files, or emails that we are prone to forgetting over time

We follow a “pay it forward” strategy that benefits us in the future by constantly saving packets of knowledge in a format that our future self can easily consume!

Summarize in stages, with increasing levels of detail.

One common issue with notes is that they are overly long and dense. You can’t afford to spend the time reviewing and reminding yourself of everything they contain. Executive summaries can be useful, but it can be difficult to determine what the main point is in the first place.

Progressive summarization is a technique for summarizing a note in stages over time. You save only the best excerpts from whatever you’re reading, then make a summary of those excerpts, and then another summary of that summary, distilling the essence of the content at each stage. These “layers” function similarly to a digital map in that they can be zoomed in or out to any level of detail required. Progressive Summarization allows you to read the note in various ways depending on your needs: in-depth if you want to glean every detail, or at a high level if you only need the main takeaway. This allows you to quickly review the contents of a note to determine whether it is relevant to the task at hand.

Plan opportunistically, a little at a time.

It can be tempting to devote a significant amount of time to creating highly structured, perfectionistic notes. The problem is that you often don’t know which sources will turn out to be valuable until it’s too late. Rather than putting in a lot of effort up front, organize your notes opportunistically, in small chunks over time.

As a general rule, every time you touch a note, you should add value to it. This could include giving a note an informative title the first time you see it, emphasizing the most important points the next time you see it, and including a link to a related note later on. By spreading out the heavy work of organizing your notes over time, you not only save time and effort but also ensure that the most frequently used (and thus valuable) notes surface organically, similar to how the most popular routes naturally end up with deeper grooves on a ski slope.

Part III: Design

All of this capturing, summarizing, connecting, and organizing serves one purpose: to produce measurable results in the real world. The true purpose of learning is to turn our knowledge into effective action, whether we want to lose weight, get a promotion at work, start a side business, or contribute to a cause we believe in.

You never need to sit down to an empty page and try to “think of something smart” if you have a substantial reserve of supporting material in your second brain. All creativity is built on the shoulders of giants, and you already have the best ideas from those giants documented in your notes!

What should you design? It is determined by your abilities, interests, and personality. If you are analytical, you could use a collection of Big Data articles you’ve read to write a blog post summarizing where you believe machine learning will go next. If you enjoy performing, you could use ideas from your notes on YouTube cooking videos you’ve watched to create your own. If you’re advocating for park investment in your neighbourhood, you could compile the minutes of previous city council meetings into a speaking agenda for your public comments at the next one.

With a second brain, you always have something to inspire, remind, support, or guide you as you work on projects and interests that are important to you. You can draw on the total of your life experience and learning, rather than just what comes to mind at the time.

The three guidelines below will assist you in producing more, better, and more meaningful creative output for whatever purpose you determine is important.

Don’t just passively consume information; put it to use.

A common problem for people who enjoy learning is that they constantly force feed themselves more and more information, but they never use it. Goals and experiences that would enrich their lives are endlessly postponed while they wait for the “right” piece of knowledge they ostensibly require before getting started.

However, information only becomes knowledge — something personal, embodied and grounded — when we apply it. That is why we should devote as much of our energy as possible to creating new things rather than consuming information. Our creations, whether they are writing pieces, websites, photographs, videos, or live performances, embody and express the knowledge we have gained through personal experience. We must all contribute to the realization of something good, true, or beautiful. It is not only deeply satisfying to create things, but it can also bring us unexpected opportunities, introduce us to new friends or collaborators, and have a positive impact on others — by inspiring, entertaining, or informing them.

Develop smaller, reusable work units.

When you begin to curate a collection of valuable knowledge in the external form, a completely new way of working becomes not only possible but also necessary.

You’ll start to think of your projects in terms of discrete parts. I refer to them as “intermediate packets,” and they can contain any of the content types we’ve already discussed, such as a set of notes from a team meeting, a list of relevant research findings, a brainstorming with collaborators, a slide deck analyzing the market, or a list of action items from a conference call.

Instead of sitting down and attempting to move the entire project forward at once, which is akin to attempting to roll a massive boulder uphill, a more effective approach is to end each work session — whether it is 15 minutes or 3 hours — by completing just one intermediate packet. This allows you to work in smaller increments, utilizing any available period, while receiving frequent feedback and taking frequent breaks. This not only results in higher quality output but also fuels the motivation and inspiration required to do our best work. These packets can then be saved to your second brain and re-used the next time a similar need arises.

Make your work available to the rest of the world.

There are numerous advantages to developing a second brain, including reduced stress, improved focus, increased insights, and increased productivity. But the real payoff comes at the end when you create something from your knowledge and share it with the rest of the world.

It can be tempting to wait until everything is “ready,” until you have all of the information you believe you need and have double-checked and reviewed all of your sources. However, as you continue to curate and save pieces of content, review and summarize them, create a series of intermediate packets, and recycle them back into your second brain, you’ll realize that there is no such thing as a finished product.

Everything is a work in progress, and everything you put out there has an implicit “version 1.0” attached to it. This can be extremely liberating because nothing is ever final, so there is no need to put off starting. You can start with a simple website and gradually add more pages as you have time. You can publish a draft blog post now and make changes later after getting feedback. You could even self-publish an ebook on Amazon, and any future changes to the manuscript will be wirelessly synced with everyone who bought the book!

All sorts of benefits will begin to materialize if you consistently share your work with others, whether that is your family, friends, colleagues, or externally on social media. You’ll meet new collaborators who you never imagined would be interested in your work. You’ll find clients or customers even if you weren’t looking for them. Others will express their reactions, comments, and appreciation to you (and occasionally criticism). You’ll discover that you belong to a group of people who share your interests and values. Anything meaningful or important requires collaboration, and the incredible power of the internet now allows us to find each other regardless of how obscure or strange our interests are.

Conclusion

Each note in your second brain is a record of something you’ve experienced in your life, whether it was from reading a book, engaging in an interesting conversation, or finishing a work project. You’ll never have to struggle and strain to remember everything you’ve learned if you have all of your most valuable ideas at your fingertips at all times.

You will begin to notice differences as your second brain gains momentum over weeks and months. You will no longer consider things in isolation, but rather as part of a network of ideas in which everything affects everything else. Something you learned at work about effective communication will apply to your family vacation debate. A random fact you read in an aeroplane magazine will be useful in a blog post you’re working on. A lesson in Ancient Greek history from a podcast on your morning commute will help you deal with an office crisis. You’ll begin to think in terms of the systems and principles you’ve gleaned from summarizing and reviewing, and you’ll notice them everywhere.

Your mind will begin to function differently, learning to rely on this external tool to access resources, references, and research that is far beyond what it can recall on its own. You will begin to see “your work” as an integrated whole that you can point to, shape, and navigate in any direction you want. You’ll be more objective and detached because, if one idea fails, you know you have a trove of others ready to go.

You will gradually realize that everything you are learning and experiencing makes sense. The underlying structure of your life can be seen, mapped in the notes you are cultivating. Why you do what you do, what you want, what’s important and what isn’t. Your second brain acts as a mirror, reflecting who you believe you are, who you want to be, and who you have the potential to become. Because you know how to capture and apply anything, every experience becomes an opportunity to learn and grow.

As this self-awareness dawns, you’ll look around at the notes you’ve gathered and realize you already have everything you need to get started. You will begin to combine the ideas, forming new perspectives, theories, and strategies. Ideas about society, art, psychology, spirituality, and technology will begin to mix and spawn ideas you’ve never consciously considered. You’ll be astounded by the elegance and power that emerges from your notes.

This realization will not be limited to your mind. People are aware. They’ll notice that you have an unusually large body of knowledge at your disposal. They will admire your incredible memory, but they are unaware that you never try to remember anything. They’ll admire your incredible self-discipline and dedication to developing ideas over time, unaware that you’ve created a system that allows insights and connections to emerge organically. They’ll be impressed by your ability to generate so much creative output, but you never lock yourself away in a room to “crank out” some work. You simply let your projects simmer until they are finished.

Building a Second Brain is a set of integrated behaviours for transforming incoming information into finished creative projects. Rather than endlessly optimizing yourself to become a productivity machine that never deviates from the plan, it has you optimize an external system that is more reliable than you will ever be. This allows you to imagine, wonder, and wander toward whatever makes you come alive in the present moment.

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